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This dissertation studies local autonomy levels of leading global/world cities (GWC) in major developing economies. Four cities in three countries are selected: Shanghai and Guangzhou, China; Mumbai, India; Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. These countries are either of significant size or occupy unique positions in the world's shifting economic landscape. They embarked on economic liberalization and started to actively integrate into global economy at least since the early 1990s, when the observation starts. During this period, their national economies integrated into global economy to different extents, strengthening their comprehensive national power while shifting the world's economic center of gravity. In this process, the four cities not only acted as leading GWCs critical to their national economies, but also as important nodes in the world GWC network, articulating their national economy with world economy. Against similar domestic and international backgrounds, however, the four cities' local autonomy level have changed very differently through more than two decades. This research investigates causes for this puzzle. GWCs need territorial states to fully function, while territorial states (especially less-developed ones) tend to use GWCs as a tool for attracting investment, accumulate resources, and strengthen national power. This is the mutuality between the territorial state and the GWC. On the other hand, as a GWC becomes more global, it faces conditions and generates demands quite different from ordinary cities. The territorial state also needs to ensure a balanced development across the country, rather than spoiling certain cities. This generates contradictions between the two parties. The level of local autonomy is a settlement on power allocation between the central (territorial state) and the local (GWCs) levels of government. Whether a GWC gets more or less local autonomy is determined by whether mutuality or contradiction between the territorial state and the GWC prevails. Three sets of relations are ...

This work examines various organizational problems that contribute to the phenomenon of passive addiction. Future technological and economic changes may lead to the emergence of active addiction, a state of work that is blended with life and is actively embraced by the worker with a spirit of creativity and innovation

The aim of this study was to explore a method for developing an emotional evolution classification model for large-scale online public opinion of events such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), in order to guide government departments to adopt differentiated forms of emergency management and to correctly guide online public opinion for severely afflicted areas such as Wuhan and those afflicted elsewhere in China. We propose the LDA-ARMA deep neural network for dynamic presentation and fine-grained categorization of a public opinion events. This was applied to a huge quantity of online public opinion texts in a complicated setting and integrated the proposed sentiment measurement algorithm. To begin, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was employed to extract information about the topic of comments. The autoregressive moving average model (ARMA) was then utilized to perform multidimensional sentiment analysis and evolution prediction on large-scale textual data related to COVID-19 published by netizens from Wuhan and other countries on Sina Weibo. The results show that Wuhan netizens paid more attention to the development of the situation, treatment measures, and policies related to COVID-19 than other issues, and were under greater emotional pressure, whereas netizens in the rest of the country paid more attention to the overall COVID-19 prevention and control, and were more positive and optimistic with the assistance of the government and NGOs. The average error in predicting public opinion sentiment was less than 5.64%, demonstrating that this approach may be effectively applied to the analysis of large-scale online public sentiment evolution.

AbstractRanking is a common task for selecting and evaluating alternatives. In the past few decades, combining rankings results from various sources into a consensus ranking has become an increasingly active research topic. In this study, we focus on the evaluation of rank aggregation methods. We first develop an experimental data generation method, which can provide ground truth ranking for alternatives based on their "inherent ability." This experimental data generation method can generate the required individual synthetic rankings with adjustable accuracy and length. We propose characterizing the effectiveness of rank aggregation methods by calculating the Kendall tau distance between the aggregated ranking and the ground truth ranking. We then compare four classical rank aggregation methods and present some useful findings on the relative performances of the four methods. The results reveal that both the accuracy and length of individual rankings have a remarkable effect on the comparison results between rank aggregation methods. Our methods and results may be helpful to both researchers and decision‐makers.

Xin Lu,1 Nan Wu,2 Wanli Yang,2 Jia Sun,3 Kemin Yan,3 Jing Wu1 1Biomedical-Information Engineering Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life and Science Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China; 2Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jing WuBiomedical-Information Engineering Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life and Science Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xian Ning Western Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710049, People's Republic of ChinaEmail jing_wu@mail.xjtu.edu.cnBackground/aims: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) is the first rate-limiting E1 subunit of OGDH complex (OGDHC), which plays as a regulatory point in the cross-road of TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism. Until now, the role of OGDH in carcinogenesis has been unclear.Methods: In the present study, we determined the expression of OGDH in human gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cell lines by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining respectively. The biological impacts of OGDH on cell growth and migration were explored through modulation OGDH expression in GC cells. Furthermore, mitochondrial functions and Wnt/β-catenin signal were analyzed to elucidate the mechanism by which OGDH was involved in GC progression.Results: The results showed that the levels of OGDH mRNA and protein were significantly higher in GC tissues, which was positively correlated with clinicalpathological parameters of GC patients. OGDH inhibitor SP significantly suppressed GC cell viability. Modulation of OGDH had distinct effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell migration in the GC cell lines AGS and BGC823. Overexpression of OGDH resulted in the downregulation of the EMT molecular markers E-cadherin and ZO-1, the upregulation of N-cadherin and claudin-1. OGDH deficiency had the opposite outcomes in GC cells. Meantime, OGDH knockdown cells showed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, intracellular ATP product, and increased ROS level and NADP+/NADPH ratio. Consistently, overexpression of OGDH enhanced the mitochondrial function in GC cells. Furthermore, OGDH knockdown reduced the expressions of β-catenin, slug and TCF8/ZEB1, and the downstream targets cyclin D1 and MMP9 in GC cells. OGDH overexpression facilitated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Additionally, overexpression of OGDH promoted tumorigenesis of GC cells in nude mice.Conclusion: Taken together, these results indicate that OGDH serves as a positive regulator of GC progression through enhancement of mitochondrial function and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.Keywords: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, gastric cancer, mitochondrial function, Wnt/β-catenin signal